chore: add shared agent skills
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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---
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name: tdd
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description: Test-driven development. Use when the user wants to build features or fix bugs test-first, mentions "red-green-refactor", or wants integration tests.
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---
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# Test-Driven Development
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TDD is the red → green loop. This skill is the reference that makes that loop produce tests worth keeping: what a good test is, where tests go, the anti-patterns, and the rules of the loop. Every section applies on every cycle — consult them before and during the loop, not after.
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When exploring the codebase, read `CONTEXT.md` (if it exists) so test names and interface vocabulary match the project's domain language, and respect ADRs in the area you're touching.
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## What a good test is
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Tests verify behavior through public interfaces, not implementation details. Code can change entirely; tests shouldn't. A good test reads like a specification — "user can checkout with valid cart" tells you exactly what capability exists — and survives refactors because it doesn't care about internal structure.
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See [tests.md](tests.md) for examples and [mocking.md](mocking.md) for mocking guidelines.
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## Seams — where tests go
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A **seam** is the public boundary you test at: the interface where you observe behavior without reaching inside. Tests live at seams, never against internals.
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**Test only at pre-agreed seams.** Before writing any test, write down the seams under test and confirm them with the user. No test is written at an unconfirmed seam. You can't test everything — agreeing the seams up front is how testing effort lands on the critical paths and complex logic instead of every edge case.
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Ask: "What's the public interface, and which seams should we test?"
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## Anti-patterns
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- **Implementation-coupled** — mocks internal collaborators, tests private methods, or verifies through a side channel (querying the database instead of using the interface). The tell: the test breaks when you refactor but behavior hasn't changed.
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- **Tautological** — the assertion recomputes the expected value the way the code does (`expect(add(a, b)).toBe(a + b)`, a snapshot derived by hand the same way, a constant asserted equal to itself), so it passes by construction and can never disagree with the code. Expected values must come from an independent source of truth — a known-good literal, a worked example, the spec.
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- **Horizontal slicing** — writing all tests first, then all implementation. Bulk tests verify _imagined_ behavior: you test the _shape_ of things rather than user-facing behavior, the tests go insensitive to real changes, and you commit to test structure before understanding the implementation. Work in **vertical slices** instead — one test → one implementation → repeat, each test a **tracer bullet** that responds to what the last cycle taught you.
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## Rules of the loop
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- **Red before green.** Write the failing test first, then only enough code to pass it. Don't anticipate future tests or add speculative features.
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- **One slice at a time.** One seam, one test, one minimal implementation per cycle.
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- **Refactoring is not part of the loop.** It belongs to the review stage (see the `code-review` skill), not the red → green implementation cycle.
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# When to Mock
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Mock at **system boundaries** only:
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- External APIs (payment, email, etc.)
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- Databases (sometimes - prefer test DB)
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- Time/randomness
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- File system (sometimes)
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Don't mock:
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- Your own classes/modules
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- Internal collaborators
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- Anything you control
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## Designing for Mockability
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At system boundaries, design interfaces that are easy to mock:
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**1. Use dependency injection**
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Pass external dependencies in rather than creating them internally:
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```typescript
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// Easy to mock
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function processPayment(order, paymentClient) {
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return paymentClient.charge(order.total);
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}
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// Hard to mock
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function processPayment(order) {
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const client = new StripeClient(process.env.STRIPE_KEY);
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return client.charge(order.total);
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}
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```
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**2. Prefer SDK-style interfaces over generic fetchers**
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Create specific functions for each external operation instead of one generic function with conditional logic:
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```typescript
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// GOOD: Each function is independently mockable
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const api = {
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getUser: (id) => fetch(`/users/${id}`),
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getOrders: (userId) => fetch(`/users/${userId}/orders`),
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createOrder: (data) => fetch('/orders', { method: 'POST', body: data }),
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};
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// BAD: Mocking requires conditional logic inside the mock
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const api = {
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fetch: (endpoint, options) => fetch(endpoint, options),
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};
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```
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The SDK approach means:
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- Each mock returns one specific shape
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- No conditional logic in test setup
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- Easier to see which endpoints a test exercises
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- Type safety per endpoint
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# Good and Bad Tests
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## Good Tests
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**Integration-style**: Test through real interfaces, not mocks of internal parts.
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```typescript
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// GOOD: Tests observable behavior
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test("user can checkout with valid cart", async () => {
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const cart = createCart();
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cart.add(product);
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const result = await checkout(cart, paymentMethod);
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expect(result.status).toBe("confirmed");
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});
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```
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Characteristics:
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- Tests behavior users/callers care about
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- Uses public API only
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- Survives internal refactors
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- Describes WHAT, not HOW
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- One logical assertion per test
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## Bad Tests
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**Implementation-detail tests**: Coupled to internal structure.
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```typescript
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// BAD: Tests implementation details
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test("checkout calls paymentService.process", async () => {
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const mockPayment = jest.mock(paymentService);
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await checkout(cart, payment);
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expect(mockPayment.process).toHaveBeenCalledWith(cart.total);
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});
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```
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Red flags:
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- Mocking internal collaborators
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- Testing private methods
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- Asserting on call counts/order
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- Test breaks when refactoring without behavior change
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- Test name describes HOW not WHAT
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- Verifying through external means instead of interface
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```typescript
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// BAD: Bypasses interface to verify
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test("createUser saves to database", async () => {
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await createUser({ name: "Alice" });
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const row = await db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = ?", ["Alice"]);
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expect(row).toBeDefined();
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});
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// GOOD: Verifies through interface
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test("createUser makes user retrievable", async () => {
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const user = await createUser({ name: "Alice" });
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const retrieved = await getUser(user.id);
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expect(retrieved.name).toBe("Alice");
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});
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```
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**Tautological tests**: Expected value restates the implementation, so the test passes by construction.
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```typescript
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// BAD: Expected value is recomputed the way the code computes it
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test("calculateTotal sums line items", () => {
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const items = [{ price: 10 }, { price: 5 }];
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const expected = items.reduce((sum, i) => sum + i.price, 0);
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expect(calculateTotal(items)).toBe(expected);
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});
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// GOOD: Expected value is an independent, known literal
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test("calculateTotal sums line items", () => {
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expect(calculateTotal([{ price: 10 }, { price: 5 }])).toBe(15);
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});
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```
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