diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 85011e0..0b5aab6 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -42,3 +42,7 @@ make build                  # cmd/* -> ./bin
 make smoke                  # assert fail-closed contract
 make image                  # crucible:<sha>
 ```
+
+## Tests
+
+Tests must survive harmless changes to constants, defaults, wording, ordering, fixture data, and internal implementation details. A test that fails merely because a basic value changed is usually a bad test. Only assert exact values when the value is part of a documented public contract, external protocol, compatibility requirement, security rule, migration, or business rule.
diff --git a/internal/erf/erf.go b/internal/erf/erf.go
index 14c05f5..4be21ad 100644
--- a/internal/erf/erf.go
+++ b/internal/erf/erf.go
@@ -425,6 +425,11 @@ func writeResourceData(w io.Writer, resource Resource) error {
 	}
 	defer file.Close()
 
+	// The hash is computed while streaming into w, so size/SHA mismatches are
+	// only detected AFTER the (bad) bytes have already been written. A non-nil
+	// return therefore means w holds partially-written, unverified output; the
+	// caller must discard it. writeHAKArchive does this by writing to a temp file
+	// and removing it on any Write error rather than renaming it into place.
 	hash := sha256.New()
 	written, err := io.Copy(io.MultiWriter(w, hash), file)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/pipeline/build.go b/internal/pipeline/build.go
index a6fb128..b99604d 100644
--- a/internal/pipeline/build.go
+++ b/internal/pipeline/build.go
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ func chunksFromManifest(assets []assetResource, entries []BuildManifestHAK) ([]h
 			}
 			chunkAssets = append(chunkAssets, asset)
 		}
-		chunks = append(chunks, hakChunk{
+		chunk := hakChunk{
 			Config: project.HAKConfig{
 				Name:     entry.Group,
 				Priority: entry.Priority,
@@ -788,7 +788,14 @@ func chunksFromManifest(assets []assetResource, entries []BuildManifestHAK) ([]h
 			Name:   entry.Name,
 			Assets: chunkAssets,
 			Size:   erf.ArchiveSize(resourceSlice(chunkAssets)),
-		})
+		}
+		// A manifest can name two distinct source paths that collapse to the same
+		// resref+type (e.g. creature/foo.mdl and placeable/foo.mdl); without this
+		// guard the second would silently shadow the first in the ERF.
+		if err := ensureUniqueChunkResources(chunk); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		chunks = append(chunks, chunk)
 	}
 	return chunks, nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/pipeline/source_manifest_test.go b/internal/pipeline/source_manifest_test.go
index cfaf446..db5755b 100644
--- a/internal/pipeline/source_manifest_test.go
+++ b/internal/pipeline/source_manifest_test.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"git.westgate.pw/ShadowsOverWestgate/sow-tools/internal/buildinfo"
+	"git.westgate.pw/ShadowsOverWestgate/sow-tools/internal/erf"
 )
 
 const validAsset = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
@@ -141,6 +142,32 @@ func TestValidateDirectSourceManifestRejectsBuilderMismatch(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Two distinct source paths can collapse to the same resref+type; the chunker
+// must reject that rather than let one silently shadow the other in the ERF.
+func TestChunksFromManifestRejectsResrefCollision(t *testing.T) {
+	tga, ok := erf.HAKResourceTypeForExtension("tga")
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("tga is not a hak resource type")
+	}
+	mk := func(rel, resref string) assetResource {
+		r := erf.Resource{Name: resref, Type: tga}
+		return assetResource{Rel: rel, Resource: r, Size: erf.ArchiveSize([]erf.Resource{r})}
+	}
+	entry := BuildManifestHAK{Name: "core_01", Group: "core"}
+
+	collide := []assetResource{mk("creature/foo.tga", "foo"), mk("placeable/foo.tga", "foo")}
+	entry.Assets = []string{"creature/foo.tga", "placeable/foo.tga"}
+	if _, err := chunksFromManifest(collide, []BuildManifestHAK{entry}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected resref+type collision rejection")
+	}
+
+	distinct := []assetResource{mk("creature/foo.tga", "foo"), mk("placeable/bar.tga", "bar")}
+	entry.Assets = []string{"creature/foo.tga", "placeable/bar.tga"}
+	if _, err := chunksFromManifest(distinct, []BuildManifestHAK{entry}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("distinct resrefs should pack cleanly: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestContentAddressedBlobPath(t *testing.T) {
 	root := "/var/cache/blobs"
 	got, err := contentAddressedBlobPath(root, validAsset)